Antiproliferative capacity of combined extracts from Paramignya trimera and Phyllanthus amarus against cancer cell lines

Abstract

Context: Paramignya trimera (PT) and Phyllanthus amarus (PA) are two important medicinal plants, particularly in Vietnam. The individual extracts from these medicinal plants have displayed potent antioxidant and cytotoxic properties in vitro. Aims: This research aimed to assess antiproliferative capacity against various cancer cell lines, especially three pancreatic cancer (PC) cell lines (MiaPaCa2, BxPc3, and CFPAC1), of combined extracts from two medicinal plants PT and PA. Settings and Design: The methanol extracts from PT and PA were prepared using microwave.assisted extraction method. Subjects and Methods: The root of PT (PTR), the leaf of PT (PTL), and the whole plant of PA were investigated. The antiproliferative capacity of combined extracts from PT and PA was evaluated using the 3.(4,5.dimethylthiazol.2.yl).2,5.diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Dojindo Cell Counting Kit.8 assays. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance and Duncan fs multiple range tests were used. Results: The combined extract from PTR and PA (1:1 w/w) inhibited the growth moderately on various cancer cell lines (except for SJ.G2 cancer cells). This extract also exhibited higher antiproliferative capacity on three PC cell lines compared to the combined extract from PTL and PA (1:1 w/w). In particular, the antiproliferative capacity against these PC cell lines of the combined extracts from PTR, PTL, and PA (1:1 w/w) at 200 µg/mL was not significantly different (P < 0.05) from that of gemcitabine (50 nM) (except for MiaPaCa2 cancer cells) and to be comparable to the saponin.enriched extract from Quillaja bark at 200 Êg/mL (a commercial product). Conclusions: The combined extracts from PTR, PTL, and PA are a promising source for the potential development of novel drugs for the PC prevention and treatment.