Mandibular Permanent Second Molar Impaction Treatment Options and Outcome

Abstract

To determine the prevalence of mandibular second molar impaction in orthodontic patients of two ethnic groups, present treatment options and discuss their outcome. 6500 panoramic radiographs of orthodontically treated patients (3500 Israeli and 3000 of Chinese-American origin) aged 11-15 years were examined for mandibular second molar impactions. 120 patients with 165 impacted mandibular second molars were identified, presenting a prevalence of 1.8%. Many (88%) were mesially angulated. Impactions were more prevalent in the Chinese-American group than in the Israeli group (59% and 41%, respectively). Sequential treatment options are presented and discussed, and the outcomes of several treatments are presented. A prevalence of 1.8% for MM2 impactions was detected in our sample. Clinicians should be aware of the possible impaction of mandibular permanent second molars. Early detection and initiating of orthodontic intervention directed toward correction of the impaction are recommended for best clinical results and long-term prognosis.