The successful exploitation of urban environments by the golden silk spider, nephila clavipes (araneae, nephilidae)

Abstract

Urbanization typically leads to habitat destruction producing negative effects for native species, but some speciesmay exploit these settings. This concept was investigated in the golden silk spider (Nephila clavipes), a large, formidable spider that commonly inhabits forest edges as well as open spaces in urban environments throughout its vast geographic range. Here, we compared variation of N. clavipes success asmeasured by body size, web size and web positioning along an urban-rural gradient in southern Florida. Frommorphologicalmeasurements collected in the field, urban spiders had 60% longer legs and 35% longer bodies than both park and rural spiders. Furthermore, webs of urban spiders were considerably larger and constructed significantly further fromthe ground than those of park and rural habitats. The combined observations of body size, webmeasurements and prominent web placement suggest that N. clavipes are successful exploiters of urban environments relative to park and rural settings in southern Florida. Although previous research has generally focused on the negative aspects of urbanization on animal welfare, this study provides evidence suggesting N. clavipesmight benefit fromthese environmental changes.