Evaluación del potencial nutritivo de especies arbustivas tropicales para la alimentación de cerdos de traspatio

Abstract

Pig production is one of the livestock activities of the economic interest of different families dedicated to this livestock activity. The research was developed to evaluate the nutritional composition of tropical shrub species in the feeding of backyard pigs. It began with the proximal characterization of the shrubby species present in farms of backyard pig producers: Morus alba, Erythrina poeppigiana, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Trichanthera gigantea, Spondias anacardiaceae, Manihot esculenta, Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Samanea saman, Gliricidia sepium and Moringa oleifera. Then, an acceptability test was carried out on the species with the best nutritional content, to which the presence of anti-nutritional substances (alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars, mucilage, and saponin) will be qualitatively prolonged, visits according to time intervals, consumption of the different species and a total number of visits. The data is analyzed using the statistical program Minitab® version 18.1. The results showed a better proximal composition in the leaves of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Morus alba, and Moringa oleífera. The phytochemical screening of the four plant species shows the absence of alkaloids and mucilage in the Chaya and a significant presence of phenols in each species. The acceptability test showed that during the first 10 minutes, the highest number of visits with a higher consumption (495.35 g) in the balanced food that included chaya flour was presented. It is concluded that Chaya flour stands out with the best nutritional preference and the lowest content of anti-nutritional substances.