Optimal battery energy storage system (BESS) charge scheduling with dynamic programming

Abstract

A dynamic programming algorithm for the optimal charge/discharge scheduling of BESS energy storage is presented. It ensures the minimization of the electricity bill for a given battery capacity, while reducing stress on the battery and prolonging battery life. Optimal scheduling of the battery charge state is in itself unique; the methods of multipass dynamic programming are used to accomplish this. Maximum payoff for load redistribution and peak load shaving is determined while accounting for charging rate, battery voltage fluctuation and internal losses as a function of charge state. The optimal charging curve is significantly different from the curve conventionally published for BESS.