A High Gain Antenna with DGS for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communications

Abstract

This paper introduces the design of a high-gain wideband microstrip patch antenna (HGWMPA) for sub-6 GHz fifth generation (5G) communications. The proposed antenna integrates a novel defected ground structure (DGS) for achieving the wide bandwidth. A triangular strip is inserted into the ground plane to improve the performance of the antenna. The proposed HGWMPA also utilizes the reflective plate to concentrate the side lobes and minimize the generation of the back lobes, thereby boosting the main lobe of the radiated signal and thus increasing the gain of the antenna. The proposed HGWMPA is designed and fabricated on the FR-4 epoxy substrate and the inset feed technique is used to feed the HGWMPA. The simulation and optimization of the proposed antenna are carried out with the CST Microwave Studio Suite. The HGWMPA is compact with the substrate area of 28.03 × 23.45 mm2 and provides the maximum gain, maximum directivity and radiation efficiency of 6.21 dB, 7.56 dB and 80%, respectively. The proposed antenna operates from 4.921 GHz to 5.784 GHz, which covers the 4.9 GHz-5.8 GHz of the sub-6 GHz 5G spectrum. The antenna simulated and measured characteristics confirm that proposed high gain compact HGWMPA is suitable for sub-6 GHz wideband applications.