Perceptions of obesity among healthcare professionals in Malaysia: a subgroup analysis of the OPEN Models of Care survey

Abstract

Background: Obesity remains a major and growing public health challenge in Malaysia. This study examined obesity-related perceptions, attitudes, and care practices among Malaysian healthcare professionals (HCP) and decision-makers (HDM), within the multinational Obesity Policy Engagement Network (OPEN) Models of Care survey. Methods: This subgroup analysis involved 150 HCP and 53 HDM who responded to questions assessing recognition of obesity as a chronic disease, attitudes toward people with obesity (PwO), and views on system capacity and policy priorities. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and reported as percentages. Results: Only 27% (n = 55) of respondents recognized obesity as a chronic disease. Notably, 54% of HCP and 51% of HDM acknowledged holding biases against PwO. Although 65% of HCP and 60% of HDM agreed that PwO deserve equal respect, care, and treatment, over half of both groups believed obesity to be the patients’ personal choice and responsibility. Only 56% of HCP and 45% of HDM considered existing obesity services to be adequate. Patient support groups were ranked least important in obesity policy development. Conclusions: The findings highlight persistent misconceptions, stigma, and fragmented perceptions among HCP and HDM in Malaysia. A coordinated, system-level approach that recognizes obesity as a chronic disease is essential to improving outcomes for PwO and shaping inclusive, evidence-based policies.