Psychology in orthopedics and traumatology: an instructional review

Abstract

• Mental health is important as a predictor of outcomes after orthopedic treatment. • Psychological parameters (e.g. expectations, coping strategies, personality) are as important as biological and mechanical factors in the severity of musculoskeletal complaints and treatment results. • Orthopedic surgeons should not only treat physical conditions but also address psychosocial factors. If necessary, they should refer to clinical psychologists. • Multidisciplinary approach, patient-oriented treatment, (psycho)education, emotional support, and teaching coping strategies are elements of psychosocial attention within orthopedics and traumatology