Could infarct location predict the long-term functional outcome in childhood arterial ischemic stroke?

Abstract

Objective: To explore the influence of infarct location on long-term functional outcome following a first-ever arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in non-neonate children. Method: The MRIs of 39 children with AIS (median age 5.38 years; 36% girls; mean follow-up time 5.87 years) were prospectively evaluated. Infarct location was classified as the absence or presence of subcortical involvement. Functional outcome was measured using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) for children after the follow-up assessment. We utilized multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the outcome while adjusting for age, sex, infarct size and middle cerebral artery territory involvement (significance < 0.05). Results: Both infarcts ≥ 4% of total brain volume (OR 9.92; CI 1.76 – 55.9; p 0.009) and the presence of subcortical involvement (OR 8.36; CI 1.76 – 53.6; p 0.025) independently increased the risk of marked functional impairment (mRS 3 to 5). Conclusion: Infarct extension and location can help predict the extent of disability after childhood AIS.