Liver impaction technique improves technical success rate of guidewire insertion during EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (with video)

Abstract

Background: If the guidewire becomes kinked by the needle, guidewire manipulation may be difficult, and can cause complications such as guidewire shearing or injury during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS). To overcome this matter, we have previously described a technical tip for preventing guidewire injury, termed ‘liver impaction technique’. However, its technical feasibility has been not reported in the setting of a large patient cohort. Objectives: The aim of study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the liver impaction technique during EUS-HGS. Design: Retrospective, single-center study. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent EUS-HGS between April 2018 and September 2022. The primary outcome of this study was the technical success rate of guidewire insertion using the liver impaction technique. Results: A total of 166 patients were enrolled in this study. Initial successful guidewire insertion without using liver impaction technique was obtained in 108 patients (65.1%). Among 58 patients in whom guidewire insertion failed initially, guidewire advancement into the periphery of the bile duct was observed in 32 patients (55.2%) and into a non-interest bile duct branch was observed in 26 patients (44.8%). Liver impaction technique contributed to increasing the technical success rate of guidewire insertion from 65.1% to 95.8%. Overall, adverse events were observed in 12 patients (7.2%; bile peritonitis n = 9, cholangitis n = 3), and these adverse events were Grade I. Among patients who underwent liver impaction technique (n = 58), adverse events were observed in two patients (3.4%; bile peritonitis). Also, guidewire sharing was not observed in any patients during liver impaction technique. Conclusions: In conclusion, the liver impaction technique may be helpful during EUS-HGS to obtain successful guidewire insertion into the biliary tract of interest.