Research on Automatic Identification Method of Terraces on the Loess Plateau Based on Deep Transfer Learning

Abstract

Rapid, accurate extraction of terraces from high-resolution images is of great significance for promoting the application of remote-sensing information in soil and water conservation plan-ning and monitoring. To solve the problem of how deep learning requires a large number of labeled samples to achieve good accuracy, this article proposes an automatic identification method for terraces that can obtain high precision through small sample datasets. Firstly, a terrace identification source model adapted to multiple data sources is trained based on the WorldView-1 dataset. The model can be migrated to other types of images for terracing extraction as a pre-trained model. Secondly, to solve the small sample problem, a deep transfer learning method for accurate pixel-level extraction of high-resolution remote-sensing image terraces is proposed. Finally, to solve the problem of insufficient boundary information and splicing traces during prediction, a strategy of ignoring edges is proposed, and a prediction model is constructed to further improve the accuracy of terrace identification. In this paper, three regions outside the sample area are randomly selected, and the OA, F1 score, and MIoU averages reach 93.12%, 91.40%, and 89.90%, respectively. The experimental results show that this method, based on deep transfer learning, can accurately extract terraced field surfaces and segment terraced field boundaries.