Geopolymer-and Cement-Based Fabric-Reinforced Matrix Composites for Shear Strengthening of Concrete Deep Beams: Laboratory Testing and Numerical Modeling

Abstract

This paper examines the effectiveness of using carbon fabric-reinforced matrix (C-FRM) composites to improve the shear response of reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams. Ten RC deep beams were tested. Test variables included the presence of internal steel stirrups, number of C-FRM layers, angle of inclination of the second layer of C-FRM, and type of matrix. In the absence of minimum steel stirrups, the use of one layer of C-FRM with cementitious and geopolymeric matrices resulted in 95% and 77% shear strength gains, respectively. Increasing the number of C-FRM composites to two layers insignificantly increased the shear strength gain. Positioning the second layer of C-FRM in the vertical direction tended to be more effective than placing it in the horizontal direction. The gain in the shear capacity was less pronounced in the presence of steel stirrups, where a maximum shear strength gain of 18% was recorded. Numerical models were developed to predict the shear response of the tested beams. Outcomes of the numerical modeling were in good agreement with those obtained from the tests. The inclusion of a bond–slip law at the fabric–matrix interface insignificantly reduced the predicted shear strength. The ratios of the predicted-to-measured shear capacity of the models with and without the bond–slip law were, on average, 0.90 and 0.95, with corresponding standard deviations of 0.09 and 0.11, respectively.