Distribution of ABO Blood Groups and RH (D) factor in Haryana

Abstract

Introduction : blood group is a system of antigens present on the surface of red blood cells. The majority are inherited by Mendelian Fashion. The ABO & Rhesus (Rh) blood group system are the most prevalent & important for transfusion of blood & its components, organ transplant, genetic studies & in legal medicine study. Aim and objective of the study is to determine age and sex wise frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh blood group patterns among blood donors in Southern Haryana and compare the data with similar studies. A retrospective study was conducted at Blood bank of Maharaja Agrasen Medical College over a period of six months from 1st January to 30st June 2015. Blood group of the blood donors were determined by commercially available standard monoclonal antisera by test tube agglutination technique. Results: During the study period 3202 donors of different blood groups were screened by antigen- antibody agglutination method using commercially available antiseras. The study revealed that the commonest ABO blood group was B(37.82%), followed by O (30.82%), A(22.21%) and AB(9.15%) respectively. Rh Positive were 91.07% and Rh negative were 8.93%. Conclusion: The present study has a significant implication regarding the management of blood bank and transfusion services in this area . It also provides a database for the blood banks and also useful to health planner while making efforts to face future health challenges in the region.