Genetic variability of Bali and Alabio ducks on the basis of phenotypic and microsatellites

Abstract

Identification and characterization of Indonesia local ducks are needed since the information is so important for the Indonesia germ plasm data bank as well as for assisting the genetic improvement program of the species. The identification can be based on qualitative or quantitative phenotype or based on biological molecular through DNA polymorphisms. The research aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity based on the phenotype and genetic relationship using 7 micro satellite primers between Bali and Alabio ducks of Bali and South Borneo region, respectively. A survey has been conducted on farmers of Mengwi (Denpasar, Bali) and Amuntai (Hulu Sungai Utara, South Borneo). Two farmers were chosen randomly on each region and 10 animals were sampled on each farmer making all 40 animals included in the study. The results showed that: the two local ducks differ phenotypically, Bali ducks produced less eggs than did the Alabio and only 5 microsatellite primers were polymorphic. The highest PIC value was of ADL-29 (0.588) with the mean PIC of the Bali and Alabio population of 0.446 and 0.5, respectively. The estimated heterozygosity value on that locus showed a big variation between the two local ducks, i.e. Bali ducks (0.683) and Alabio (0.813). The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium test showed that the Bali duck population was a result of random mating while the Alabio was not. The genetic distance evaluation showed that the Bali and Alabio ducks had a genetic relationship of 0.06. The study concluded that the genetic variability of the two local ducks based on phenotype and micros atellite marker was quite high. Bali ducks and Alabio ducks were found to be distantly genetically related. © 2011 Academic Journals Inc.