Related risk factors and outcome of patients post trepanation epidural hematoma evacuation

Abstract

Epidural hematoma is 2.7 to 4 percent of all intracranial bleeding with the outcomes tend to be favorable and the mortality rate is expected to approach zero. Efforts to detect risk factors as early as possible is important to do so that quick action resulted in a better outcome. This research is an observational study with cohort research methods involving 80 patients with post-trepanation EDH hematoma evacuation in June 2015 to June 2016. The risk factors identified, age, GCS, pupillary abnormalities, lucid interval, volume and location of the EDH, midline shift and other focal lesions. Were followed up for 3 months after surgery to determine the risk factors that affect pure outcome.Hubungan between risk factors were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% CI. In bivariate analysis found five significant risk factors: Lucid interval, GCS, pupillary abnormalities, midline shift and the duration of the pre-surgery. After multivariate analysis obtained two risk factors were statistically significant to the outcome of patients EDH post trepanation evacuation of hematoma, namely: GCS (RR 4.553 95% CI 3.846 to 2.340) and duration of pre-surgery (RR 4.655 95% CI 4.470 to 2.473). Patients with GCS less than or equal to 8, and the duration of the pre-operation more than 12 hours was associated with unfavorable outcome of patients after trepanation EDH evacuation of hematoma.