Deepening ICT integration through multilevel design of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Abstract

This paper reflects upon the ICT integration efforts of the last two decades. It reviews major frameworks that have been employed to make sense of ICT integration, and argues for a more significant change among educators at all levels given the pervasiveness of ICT in today’s society. An expanded version of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge is proposed as a theoretical framework for creating new knowledge and innovative practices for ICT integration in educational settings.