Effect of Carburization on the Microstructure and Laser Weldability of 316L Stainless Steel

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the influence of the carburizing layer on the microstructure of laser-welded joints in 316L stainless steel, aiming to enhance the properties of stainless steel components through the incorporation of carburization. Through a comprehensive experimental approach, including nanoindentation and Vickers hardness measurements, the microstructural analysis of the laser-welded specimens was conducted. The nanoindentation results reveal a significant increase in hardness, with the carburizing layer exhibiting a remarkable 215% improvement compared to the base material. In order to effectively harness the wear resistance for various applications, the examination of macroscopic characteristics in laser-welded joints reveals the necessity of regulating heat input and minimizing defects to attain welds of superior quality. Additionally, the phase transformation behavior of stainless steel during welding was found to be altered due to dilution in the fusion zone and the presence of high carbon content in the heat-affected zone of the carburizing layer. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the microstructural changes induced by carburization and its implications for the welding performance and mechanical properties of stainless steel.