Experimental Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Gallic acid: Antibacterial Effect and Fluoride Release an in vitro Study

Abstract

AIM: The assessment of antibacterial effect and fluoride release on glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified by different concentrations of gallic acid (GA) and their effect on working and setting time. METHODS: Four groups were tested, Group I (control non modified group) and Groups II-IV represent GIC modified by GA in three different concentrations (125 mg/ml, 62.5 mg/ml, and 31.25 mg/ml GA powder/GIC liquid, respectively). Antibacterial effect against Streptococcus Mutans (S. Mutans) was determined after 24 h by broth dilution method. Fluoride release was evaluated after 3 time intervals 24, 48, and 96 h using spectrophotometer. Working and setting time were measured in all groups by indentation method. RESULTS: Increasing the concentration of GA significantly increases the antibacterial effect. For all time intervals, the highest fluoride release was observed in Group IV and the lowest were in Group I. After 24 h Groups II, III, and IV were significant to Group I, while after 48 and 96 h Group IV was significant to Group I. In addition, working and setting time significantly increased with increasing the GA concentration. CONCLUSION: GA improves the antibacterial effect of GIC against S. Mutans and also improves the fluoride release. The increase in working and setting time of GA modified groups were still within the limit given by ISO 9917–1:2007 specifications.