Non-Pharmacologic Approaches to Reducing Polypharmacy in Older Adults

Abstract

Polypharmacy poses a significant threat to the quality of life and wellness for older adults. The use of multiple prescription drugs within this population has far-reaching consequences, as unintended contraindications can compromise older adults’ health. In a study with medication reviews by pharmacists, over 50% of older adults took at least one unnecessary medication and approximately 40% took nine or more (Maher, Hanlon, & Hajjar, 2014). As a result, these individuals often experienced side effects, which increased proportionately with the numbers of drugs taken, and struggled to adhere to medication treatment plans (Maher et al., 2014). Adverse drug events resulting from multiple concurrent medications increasingly contribute to emergency department presentation, and decrease functional status as well as cognitive impairment (Shah & Hajjar, 2012). Two significant consequences of polypharmacy for older adults are increased risks of falls and difficulties related to pain management (Fried et al., 2014; Rastogi & Meek, 2013). United Healthcare and AARP Services, Inc. recognize the importance of addressing the needs of older adults covered under their Medicare Supplement insurance plans from a holistic perspective by utilizing both psychosocial and clinical tools and, as such, are working to identify solutions to minimize the risks impacting older adults’ health. Within UnitedHealth Group, the Research for Aging Population Team, in collaboration with the Healthcare Transformation Team, integrates research and interventions to provide services to the AARP Medicare Supplement plan holders, insured by United Healthcare for New York residents, UnitedHealthcare of New York). Building upon our current research agenda, which emphasizes the improvement of health and well-being for plan holders, we will discuss our efforts to provide education and interventions for older adults taking multiple medications. Specifically, we will address outreach and research efforts related to fall prevention and pain management.