Factores asociados con la sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes michoacanos. El papel de la migración familiar y los recursos individuales, familiares y sociales

Abstract

Introduction: In order to understand what is happening with adolescentś emotional lives, this research analyzed factors associated with depressive symptomatology taking into account their personal, social and family resources and the experience of migration on their family. Material and methods: The sample included 360 adolescents (50.6% women and 49.4% men; mean age=13.5, SD=.68) from ten different regions of Michoacan, Mexico. The instruments were CES-D-R (α=.93), Affective Resources Scale (α=.82), Social Resources Scale (α=.77), and Family Resources Scale (α=.81). The tests were performed in the classroom, with the agreement of the participants. Results: A linear regression analysis was used. The main result was that 42% of variance of depressive symptomatology is explained by risk and protection factors. The risk factors were being a woman, difficulties in sadness management and in anger management, and inability to ask for help to the social support networks and migration of the mother. The protective factors were self-control and expression in the family. Conclusions: The affective, social and family resources should be strengthened to promote wellbeing in adolescents.