From nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: is it time for a change of terminology?

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of liver disease in many parts of the world, causing considerable liver-related (steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma) and extra-hepatic morbidity and mortality (mainly cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease or certain types of extra-hepatic cancers). Recently, based on insights gained from the past two decades, an international panel of experts from 22 countries has taken the initiative to propose a new name and definition for NAFLD in adult individuals-that is, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. This proposed change in nomenclature is not simply a semantic revision, but may facilitate improved diagnosis of this common liver disease for health promotion, case identification, patient awareness, ongoing clinical trials and health services delivery. The aim of this commentary is to discuss the proposal for a change in nomenclature of this common and burdensome liver disease and to address the “pros and cons” for changing the name according to the perspective of different stakeholders.