Ultrasound relevance in goat reproduction control: A review

Abstract

There is growing interest in the application of ultrasound to reproductive control in goats. This review aimed to report on the value of ultrasound in monitoring reproductive function in this species. Ultrasound allows early diagnosis of pregnancy in goats between 24 and 29 days after mating by the transrectal and transvaginal routes, and between 34 and 40 days by the transabdominal route, with sensitivities ranging from 65% to 100%. Ultrasound can also be used to determine the sex and number of fetuses, to estimate the fetal weight and stage of pregnancy, and to diagnose embryonic/fetal mortality and pseudo gestation. It is used to diagnose postpartum anestrus and monitor follicular dynamics. These various applications have revolutionized the way goat farming is conducted. This review provides producers with useful references to help them adapt the rationing of pregnant animals and treat females diagnosed with anestrous so as to return them to breeding.