Study on pressure pulsation of the 90 series axial piston pump

Abstract

To tackle the system vibration and noise issues arising from pressure pulsation in axial piston pumps, this study takes the 90R100 axial piston pump as the research subject, systematically exploring the influence of structural parameters on pressure pulsation via integrated theoretical modeling and AMESim simulation, and proposing two passive suppression strategies. A closed-loop system model combining piston kinematics and fluid dynamics is first established to quantitatively analyze the impact of piston number, spindle speed, swashplate angle, and fluid bulk modulus on pulsation characteristics. The results indicate that the parity of piston number significantly affects pulsation behavior—odd-numbered pistons show notably lower pressure pulsation rates than even-numbered ones at low counts, with this difference weakening when the piston number reaches n ≥ 9—while increasing the swashplate angle exacerbates pressure pulsation. Although high-bulk-modulus oil mitigates flow pulsation, it intensifies pressure oscillations. Based on these findings, a composite pulsation damper and a trapped volume compensator are innovatively proposed. The damper, integrating a spring accumulator for low-frequency buffering, a bladder accumulator for high-frequency absorption, and a throttle valve for impedance matching, reduces the pressure pulsation rate from 0.0372 to 0.0088 (a 76.3 % decrease), meeting ISO 10767–1:2015 Class A standards (δP<0.01). The compensator, by dynamically balancing closed-dead-volume effects, decreases the pulsation rate to 0.0198 (a 46.8 % reduction), achieving Class B compliance (δP<0.02). This research provides both theoretical foundations and practical technical pathways for the low-noise design of high-reliability hydraulic systems, contributing to engineering applications in related industries.