Association of 2238TC polymorphism of the atrial natriuretic peptide gene with coronary artery disease in afro-caribbeans with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is known mainly for its effects on kidney function and blood pressure homeostasis. We investigated the association between two ANP polymorphisms and pre-existing coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients of African descent with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional and retrospective study of 218 volunteer Afro-Caribbean patients with T2D. Two polymorphisms (rs5064, 708C>T; and rs5065, 2238T>C) of ANP were genotyped using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. ANCOVA, X 2-test, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.ResultsAmong these patients (92 men; 128 women), 67 (30.7%) had CAD, of whom 75% had had myocardial infarction. The frequency of rs5065-C carriers (TC/CC) was significantly lower in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (24 vs. 41%, P = 0.01). The frequency of hypertension did not differ significantly according to genotype. Univariate logistic regression revealed that male sex, age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and rs5065-C carrier status were associated significantly with CAD. After adjustment for the variables of interest, the odds ratio (ORs) of CAD for rs5065-C carriers (TC/CC) was 0.50 (0.26-0.96; P = 0.038). No association was found between the rs5064 (708C>T) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and pre-existing CAD or cardiovascular risk factors.ConclusionsThe ANP rs5065 (2238T>C) C allele seems to exert a protective effect against CAD in T2D patients of African descent. The relevance of ANP polymorphisms for CAD should be determined in different populations. © 2012 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.