Therapeutic Efficacy of Platinum Based Medicines Combined with Various Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Colorectal cancer continues to be a major cancer that affects patients in terms of morbidity and mortality. Chemotherapy using cisplatin, oxaliplatin among others based with platinum have remained the mainstay in the treatment of diverse cancer including the colorectal cancer. However, these treatments are not very effective because of drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and low selectivity. The advances in nanotechnology in the past years presented nanoparticles as potential drug delivery systems which provide sharp targeting, minimum toxicity and better therapeutic efficacy. This review aims at discussing how platinum-based drugs can complement nanoparticles, for example liposomes, dendrimers and gold nanoparticles for colorectal cancer treatment. This review, discussed how nanoparticles can improve the effectiveness of platinum drugs; present sample findings from preclinical and clinical research; and analyze the perspectives of such combinations for the current therapy shortcomings overcoming. Furthermore, authors have looked at the prospects and challenges of this relatively young branch of research and discuss the opportunities that can lie in personalized medicine concepts, as well as the further evolution of nanoparticles. The purpose of this review is to enhance the current knowledge of platinum-nanoparticle combinations and to outline its future directions for colorectal cancer treatment.