Bone defects are repaired by enhanced osteogenic activity of the induced membrane: a case report and literature review

Abstract

Background: The induced membrane technique (IMT) is an effective strategy to repair bone defects and involves a two-stage set of surgical procedures. Although the IM has osteogenic activity, bone grafting is necessary in standard IMT. Bone defects repaired completely by osteogenic activity of the IM alone without bone grafts are rare. Case presentation: We present a case of infected fractures and bone defects of the ulna and radius treated with IMT. After the first stage using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads, X-rays showed that new callus developed after 2 to 4 months, and the defects were repaired completely by 5 months. We also present a literature review on spontaneous osteogenesis of the IM in patients. Conclusions: We present a case of infected ulnar and radial bone defects that healed by 5 months after the first stage of the IMT using a PMMA spacer. This finding suggests that local associated inflammatory reactions and bone tissue might enhance the osteogenic activity of the IM, causing spontaneous healing of bone defects. This appears to be the first such case reported in the literature.