Efficacy of Camphor Oil and Its Nano Emulsion on The Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera Littoralis

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were tested to detect the effect of crude camphor oil and its emulsion against 2nd instar larvae of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Because of the problems of chemical pesticides to the environment and all organisms, the natural control replaced pesticides. In the recent years, many formulations as Nanoemulsions have been used for pest toxicity target.  The results indicated that the Nano emulsion of camphor oil is the most effective material than the camphor essential oil with LC50 88.67 ppm and 1699.85ppm for the camphor Nano emulsion and camphor oil, respectively. So, the Nano emulsion formulation may represent a new category of natural and bio-pesticides and this should be considered in IPM programs