Ibn Thufail: Konsep Teologi dan Problem Pendidikan

Abstract

Tulisan ini ingin menggarap medan pemikiran Ibn Thufail terkait dengan teologi dan pendidikan. Ibn Thufail yang hidup pada masa Dinasti Umayyah di Andalusia menjadi seorang genius yang diperhitungkan oleh khalifah. genius ini yang kemudian di Barat dikenal dengan Abbubacer. Pemikiran sangat khas terkiat syarat dan makna perkembangan hidup seorang manusia melalui Roman Hayy bin Yadzhan. Pemikiran yang dikembangkan oleh Ibn Thufail secara evolusi seperti pola kesadaran umat manusia dalam memahami realita kehidupan di dunia ini. Dengan menggunakan metode library research penelitian ini ingin mengungkapkan bagaimana konsep teologi yang didasrai oleh seorang manusia yang telah memahami alam yang telah mengasuhnya. Dengan menggunakan akal manusia diharapkan bisa dan mampu mempelajari apa-apa yang datang mereka pelajar semasa perkembangnnya di dunia ini. Bahkan dalam mengembangkan konsep pendidikan ini Ibn Thufail menganggap ada beberapa metode dan konsep cara memperoleh pengetahuan. Berupa metode berdasarkan pada rasio dan metode berdasarkan intuisi dan jiwa bahkan metode berdasarkan panca indra.This article wants to explore Ibn Thufail's field of thought related to theology and education. Ibn Thufail, the Muslim philosopher who produced a work entitled Hayy bin Yadzhan, has shown the uniqueness of his thinking in the framework of theology and education. In the field of theology, Ibn Thufail narrates that belief in God is absolute for mankind in finding true happiness as told in the romance of the meeting between Hayy and Asal, who at the end of his life contemplated the presence of God. By using the library research method, this research wants to reveal how the concept of theology is based on a human who has understood nature which has nurtured him with the involvement of supernatural forces. By using reason, humans are expected to be able and able to learn everything that comes to them during their development in this world. In fact, in developing this educational concept, Ibn Thufail explained that there are two sources of knowledge, namely physical sources and metaphysical sources. These two sources must be held by every Muslim in discovering His existence. In fact, not only sources of methods for gaining knowledge were also discussed by Ibn Thufail and there were three methods, namely methods based on ratios, methods based on intuition and soul and even methods based on the five senses. Keywords: Ibn Thufail, Theology, Islamic Education and Hayy bin Yadzhan