Role of Microbial Enzymes in Agro-waste Composting: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Several microorganisms produce unique enzymes, such as cellulases, hemicelluloses, ligninases, proteases, etc., which can effectively compost various agro-wastes, benefiting farmers and soil health. Enhance composting conditions, develop effective enzyme immobilization techniques, and combine metagenomics with other ‘omics’ strategies to increase enzymatic efficiency and accelerate decomposition rates. Metagenomics, a powerful tool, can enlighten us about the composting of agro-waste through the metabolic efficiency of microbial communities. Researching and discovering new microbial strains and enzymes holds the potential to revolutionize organic farming practices, offering a hopeful alternative to the widespread use of chemical fertilizers in modern agriculture. Scaling up microbial enzyme-based composting methods is not just significant, it’s a call to action for a circular bio-economy and sustainable agro-waste management.