Application of platelet-rich plasma and tricalcium phosphate in the treatment of comminuted fractures in animals

Abstract

Aim: To assess the applicability of β-tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of comminuted fractures in small animals. Material and Methods: The experimental study was carried out on 16 New Zealand White rabbits. After creating the bone defect and performing tibial osteotomy, TCP implants containing activated PRP were introduced into the fracture and the defect. The fracture was stabilised using external fixators or intramedullary nails. After 12 weeks, the animals were euthanised, and radiological, histological, scanning electron microscopy and peripheral quantitative computed tomography examinations were performed. The analysis also covered the results of fracture treatment in 37 small animals (cats and dogs) in which treatment with TCP containing PRP was used as an alternative to cancellous bone implantation. Results: Correct bone union was observed in the experimental groups, TCP remained visible at the site of the fracture after 12 weeks. In the clinical application in small animals, bone union was observed in over 91% of treated animals. Conclusion: β-TCP and activated PRP may be an effective method of bone union enhancement in the treatment of comminuted fractures in small animals.