Training Mechanisms and Recovery in Sprinters

Abstract

Top sprinters have higher body mass index, relaxed upper arm girths, thigh and calf girths, fat free mass, and fat free mass index than the lowest tertile. Eccentric training has significant changes in body composition, while explosive strength training improves running performance. Training mechanisms include progressive overload, specificity, periodization, individualization, technical training, strength and power training, plyometric training, recovery strategies, and tapering. The sprint start is a key factor in sprint results, with biomechanical performance factors. Recovery strategies include foam rolling, active recovery, passive recovery, and contrast water therapy. Proper nutrition and supplementation of vitamins, minerals and anti-oxidants are essential for sprinters to maintain optimal glycogen stores, muscle repair, recovery, and growth. Collaboration between athletes, coaches, and sports nutrition professionals is needed to develop personalized nutrition plans.