A Fuzzy Goal Programming Approach for Collaborative Supply Chain Master Planning

Abstract

Piezoelectric materials can convert almost any kind of mechanical energy to electrical energy. The most suitable piezoelectric material is chosen for a particular application depending on the properties needed. Thus, the maximum energy output, with minimum carbon emission, can be provided to power an electronic device on-line or to be stored. Photovoltaic materials use the biggest energy source to generate green energy and many countries, including Germany and Italy, are well aware of the advantages of using green energy. Furthermore, the increasing solar cell production in general is considerably promising for a cleaner world. Hybrid photovoltaic and piezoelectric structures are capable of converting photons to electrical energy by using photovoltaic part and mechanical energy to electrical energy by using piezoelectric part, in the presence of rain, wind etc, where there is not enough sunlight for photo-conversion. The advantages of the hybrid photovoltaic/piezoelectric materials are their flexibility, light weight, low production cost and the possibility of almost undisturbed energy generation from nature, such as sunlight, wind, rain and other mechanical resources.