Low zooplankton richness indicating adverse drought and eutrophication conditions in a reservoir in northeastern Brazil

Abstract

This work characterized the zooplankton and the environmental variables of the Canoas reservoir (Assaré, Ceará, Brazil) through eight consecutive monthly collections during a period of intense drought. Zooplankton samples were collected by vertical plots of 50 µm plankton net at three longitudinally distributed points. Five species were found: Brachionus calicyflorus Pallas, 1938 (Brachionidae: Rotifera), Diaphanosoma spinulosum Herbst, 1967 (Sididae: Cladocera), Thermocyclops decipiens Kiefer, 1929 and T. inversus Kiefer, 1936 (Cyclopoida: Copepoda), and Notodiaptomus cearensis Wright, 1936 (Calanoida: Copepoda). Thermocyclops decipiens had the highest relative abundance, followed by N. cearensis and B. calicyflorus. The spatial and temporal variation of the zooplankton community can be explained by most of the environmental variables associated with N. cearensis and B. calicyflorus, while T. decipiens was not associated with any of them. The low species richness and dominance of T. decipiens and B. calicyflorus may be a reflection of the high trophic condition of the reservoir during severe drought, and N. cearensis is also associated with these more adverse conditions.