Hydroclimatology of the southeastern USA

Abstract

We provide an overview of the hydroclimatology of the Southeastern USA, and review the primary factors that influence hydroclimatic variability on seasonal to interannual timescales. The Southeastern USA is characterized by high mean annual precipitation, but with significant variability. Precipitation variability is on the rise in this region, with more frequent, longer duration dry periods and infrequent, short duration, but heavy precipitation events. Hydroclimatic extremes are a relatively common occurrence in the region. Seasonal to interannual hydroclimatic variability in the Southeast is primarily controlled by El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific North American (PNA) pattern, the Bermuda High, and tropical cyclones. Future research should focus on providing a better understanding of current and future drivers of hydroclimatic variability, including interactions between human-dominated components, such as urban areas, and the hydroclimatic system. Additional research is also needed on hydroclimatic extremes (droughts and floods). © Inter-Research 2013.