A case of pleural empyema caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype19a in a fully vaccinated child

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community acquired pneumonia and empyema in children. After the childhood 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination programs, the incidance of invasive pneumococcal disease with vaccine serotypes has been decreased. However pleural empyemas caused by vaccine serotypes were reported in fully and appropriately vaccineted cases. Here in, we presented a case of pleural empyema and lung abcess caused by S. pneumoniae serotype 19A, in an immunocompetent and fully vaccinated child with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.