Association of urinary interferon gamma protein-10 levels and low levels of cluster of differentiation 4 serum in patients with tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus coinfection

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most frequent opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients that lead to increasing of morbidity and mortality. Very low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) levels causing problem in TB/HIV diagnostic because unspecific clinical manifestation. Urine interferon gamma protein-10 (IP10) examination is a method that is relatively easier and safer to do, so it can be used as an alternative method in establishing the diagnosis TB/HIV. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between urinary IP-10 and level of CD4 serum in patients with TB/HIV coinfection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted at the Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, involved 30 patients with active TB/HIV coinfection whose urine and blood serum were collected to evaluate IP-10 and CD4 level. RESULTS: There is a significant relationship between urine IP10 levels as a biomarker for the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB in HIV patients and serum CD4 levels in TB-HIV coinfected patients with moderate correlation strength. CONCLUSION: Further research is needed with a larger sample size to see the effect of low serum CD4 levels on the sensitivity of urine IP10 diagnosis.