Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Associated Risk Factors in Jima Geneti District of the Horo Guduru Wollega Zone in Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: Parasitic diseases are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals throughout the world. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Ethiopia’s Jima Geneti area of the Horo Guduru Wollega Zone from December 2017 to April 2018. The prime goal of the study was to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle and assess potential risk factors. Buffy coat and thin blood smears were employed to identify the trypanosome species. The research district and kebeles were chosen using a purposive selection strategy, while cattle were selected by a simple random sample method. Results: In total, 25 of the 384 investigated cattle were infected with trypanosomes, leading to an overall prevalence of 6.5%. Biqiltu Qidame town had a high prevalence of 10.4%, while Adileqa Tuluchali had a low prevalence of 3.5%. The study area had the highest prevalence of Trypanosoma congolense (60%), followed by Trpanosoma vivax (28%) and Trpanosoma brucei (12%) The prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle was statistically significant (P < 0.05) with age, body condition, and packed cell volume (PCV) in the study area. Conclusion: Bovine trypanosomosis was prevalent in the researched area that had a severe impact on livestock production. To increase the livestock’s health and production in the study area, strategic disease prevention and control programs are necessary.