Towards proactive design for sustainability in industry 4.0/5.0

Abstract

The paper proposes an approach called proactive design for sustainability (DfS) in the context of Industry 5.0, for human-centred innovation and environmental sustainability, combined with the technological focus of Industry 4.0. Computer Aided Design (CAD) must integrate sustainability considerations into product development, with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Twins (DTw) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to dynamically monitor and optimise environmental impacts during the design process, with the integration of Key Sustainability Indicators (KSI) into the CAD interface to enable informed decision-making, aligning design parameters with resource availability and environmental constraints. A case study of an autonomous mobile robot (AMR) will show how operational data from the product lifecycle, combined with AI predictions, can reduce energy consumption and emissions.