The identification of activity of choroidal neovascularization complicating angioid streaks

Abstract

Objectives: To inspect the inter-reader agreement of different diagnostic modalities in identifying choroidal neovascularization (CNV) activity secondary to angioid streaks (AS) and to analyze the prevalence of subretinal hyper-reflective material (SHRM) in active CNV. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with AS with active CNV; optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) from each patient were collected. Agreement between two readers using different diagnostic modalities is presented as free-marginal kappa (k) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: This study included 19 eyes of 12 patients with active CNV (5 naive and 14 previously treated). Agreement among readers on CNV activity was excellent for OCT (k =0.88; 95% CI 0.71–1.00), good for FFA (k = 0.70; 95% CI 0.46–0.94) and ICGA (k = 0.58; 95% CI 0.31–0.84), and poor using OCTA (k = 0.39; 95% CI 0.11–0.68). SHRM was the most common OCT finding associated with active CNV (100%); fuzzy borders were present in 53% of SHRM cases at baseline. Conclusions: Identification of CNV activity in AS is challenging; OCT was the best modality to inspect active CNV. The identification of SHRM contributed to recognizing active CNV. Further studies are needed to assess the role of SHRM in anticipating prognosis and guiding treatment of CNV secondary to AS.