Computational Mathematical Modeling of Airflow in a Cabin-Type Solar Dryer Used for Drying Sugar Cane Bagasse

Abstract

Introduction: The use of solar energy as an alternative energy source has increased in recent years, driven by the search for renewable energy solutions. Solar dryers are low-cost and technically feasible technology. Electricity is used only to power fans for forced convection, when applicable. Studying the behavior of air within the equipment is crucial to determining the efficiency of the solar dryer. This study aimed to model the airflow behavior inside an empty cabin-type solar dryer used to dry sludge from steel wire drawing. Furthermore, various simulations of variables were proposed to analyze heat exchange and air homogenization within the dryer. The analysis of the results allowed the determination of the efficiency of the solar dryer to dry the studied residue. The numerical model was developed using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, considering variations in air temperature, mass flow rate, density, and solar radiation. After simulation of all possible scenarios, detailed information was extracted to determine the optimal kinetics for the drying process.   Objective: This study aimed to model the airflow behavior inside an empty cabin-type solar dryer used to dry sugarcane bagasse.   Theoretical Framework: The cabin-type solar dryer represents a technically and economically viable alternative, harnessing solar energy and offering environmental benefits.   Method: The numerical model was developed using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, considering variations in air temperature, mass flow rate, density, and solar radiation.   Results and Discussion: The simulations enabled the identification of the thermal efficiency of the equipment and the evaluation of thermal energy losses. The results showed that the internal temperature behavior is linear and directly influences thermal efficiency.   Research Implications: The research provides a foundation for optimizing solar drying processes for waste materials, with potential for industrial application.   Originality/Value: This study contributes to the understanding of the thermo-energetic behavior of air in solar dryers through computational simulation.