Distribución espacial de la salinidad en suelos del área de influencia de la desembocadura del río Sinú (Córdoba, Colombia)

Abstract

The area of influence of the Sinu River Delta (Cordoba, Colombia) has a high risk of salinization, chemical condition that decreases agricultural productive activity in this region. The aim of the study was to estimate the class, magnitude and spatial distribution of saline soils in the last 22 km of the river mouth in dry and rainy periods. For this purpose, the study area was subdivided in four locations, where soil samples were collected up to 50 cm deep at 39 points over the years 2002-2007.In the samples collected, the electrical conductivity (EC), Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3 and SO4 was evaluated. The information was processed in the program ArcGis v. 9.3, to interpolate the Distance Inverse average and estimate the area and spatial distribution of saline soils. Also, data of CE and ions in dry and rainy periods for different depths, were subjected to simple correlation analysis (Pearson) and mean separation tests Tukey (5%). The results indicated that in the dry period salinity problems are accentuated and the spatial distribution of saline soils is mainly concentrated at site 3 and in the first 20cm depth. The Cl, Na and Mg ions had positive and highly significant correlations with r 0.68 ** and 0.93 ** for different depths in the dry season; in the rainy season the concentration of Na and Mg decreased, in both that the concentration of Cl, Ca and SO4 ions increased.