The ratio of chemical bond components in metals and nonmetals and their classification into conductors, semiconductors and dielectrics

Abstract

The article considers the influence of chemical bond components (covalent character CC, metallic character CMand ionic character CI, in %) in homo- and heteronuclear substances and materials on their classification into classes of electrical conductivity: conductors, semiconductors and dielectrics. Consideration of the influence of the chemical bond type (via CC, CM, CI) on the nature of the electrical conductivity properties of homo- and hetero compounds and respective materials showed the influence of all three components of the chemical bond on it. As a result, it became possible to classify homonuclear compounds of elements by electrical properties into three groups of materials: conductors - CC< CM; semiconductors - CC~ or > CM; dielectrics - CC> CM. A good correlation of the ratio of these components with the values of their electrical resistivity, the width of the band gap and the type of conductivity was established. It was found that the increase in electrical conductivity in heteronuclear binary materials, in general, is determined by the growth of CM.