Produksi Selobiosa dari Hidrolisis Kulit Umbi Singkong dan Uji Aktivitas Prebiotiknya pada Lactobacillus plantarum

Abstract

Cassava peel is one of the wastes obtained from the cassava processing industry, and the exploration of its cellulose content is often carried out to increase the added value and meet industrial needs. For example, cellobiose obtained through the hydrolysis of cellulose by a cellulase enzyme is an alternative source of prebiotics. Therefore, this study aims to produce cellobiose with the right combination of cellulase enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time, as well as to assess the potential of cellobiose produced using Lactobacillus plantarum. The cassava tubers used belongs to the Gajah variety (GJ-0) from Sukabumi, West Java. The methods in this study include characterization of raw materials, extraction of cellulose, hydrolysis of cellulose, measurement of total and reducing sugar of the products, hydrolysis reaction kinetics, probiotic growth ability, and determination of prebiotic activity scores. The hydrolysis process was carried out using two concentrations, namely 1.15 U/mL and 2.88 U/mL at pH of 4.8, 37°C, agitation speed of 150 rpm, and 24 hours observation time. The results showed that cellobiose produced after 12 hours had degrees of polymerization of 2.05 and 1.94 at 1.15 U/mL and 2.88 U/mL cellulase, respectively. The product obtained at a concentration of 2.88 U/mL had a higher total and reduced sugar content compared to others. Furthermore, the two reactions have kinetics of order 0 with similar k values. These results indicate that an enzyme concentration of 1.15 U/mL and 12 hours hydrolysis was the best treatment combination. Cellobiose has the potential to be used as a prebiotic because it supports the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum. The prebiotic activity scores of cellulose hydrolysis were 0.74 and 0.60 for 1.15 U/mL and 2.88 U/mL cellulase concentrations, respectively.