Identification of educational and infrastructural barriers to prompt antibiotic delivery in febrile neutropenia: A quality improvement initiative

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic administration within 60minutes of presentation for medical care may be used as a treatment target for febrile neutropenia (FN); however, anecdotal evidence suggests this target is often missed. Few studies have examined the prevalence or causes of delay. We describe the median time to antibiotic administration at our institution, predictors of delay, and barriers to prompt administration to inform quality improvement strategies. Procedure: A random sample of 50 episodes of FN presenting to the emergency department (ED) between 2008 and 2009 were reviewed. Times between triage, MD assessment, lab results, and antibiotic administration were recorded. Patient and ED variables were examined as possible predictors of delay. In parallel, lean methodology was used to identify system inefficiencies. A trained moderator conducted group interviews with interdisciplinary representatives involved in the emergency care of neutropenic patients to identify process barriers to prompt antibiotics. Results: The median time from triage to antibiotics was 216minutes (interquartile range [IQR]=151-274minutes). The greatest delay occurred following the reporting of lab results (152minutes, IQR=84-210minutes). Only fall season predicted a longer time to antibiotics (P=0.03). The lean process identified unnecessary areas of delay between departments. Conclusions: Time to antibiotic administration exceeded 1hour. The chart review and lean process suggested targets for educational and infrastructural interventions, including an ED pre-printed order sheet, targeted combined subspecialty education between emergency and hematology/oncology staff, and family education. A mixed methodology approach represents a model for improving process efficiency and meeting "best-practice" targets in medicine. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.