Anatomical and histological characteristics of pituitary gland in domestic animals

Abstract

As it regulates important physical functions and general wellbeing, the hypophysis plays a major role in responding to the increased demand for different hormones. In the current review, we described the anatomical and the histological structures of the pituitary glands in different domestic animals. Unlike other glands, the pituitary gland has two main parts; the adenohypophysis (anterior lobe), which contains multiple populations of endocrine cells and is responsible for producing each of the pituitary trophic hormones. Another part of the pituitary gland is that the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) secretes granules that contain certain neurohypophyseal hormones, like antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin, which are synthesized in the hypothalamus.