Application of Central Composite Design for Optimization of Adsorption of Chromium(VI) by Spirulina platensis Algae Biomass

Abstract

Algal biomass from Spirulina platensis has been tested for the adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous effluents. The study was conducted using a central composite experimental design. The selected variables were: biomass (0.25–0.75 mg), initial chromium concentration (100–500 mg/L), and contact time (3–8 h). This study proved that spirulina biomass shows good adsorption capacity in the experimental space selected for the central composite experimental design (CCD). The maximum adsorption capacity was 40 mg Cr/g of biomass in the tests with 500 mg/L of Cr(VI) and 0.25 g of spirulina. The statistical analysis confirmed that the adsorption capacity can be modelled using a linear equation that only depends on the initial chromium concentration and the biomass dose. These results suggest that the adsorption of Cr in spirulina raw biomass can be considered in the development of large-scale applications.