Comparative Analysis of Local Application of Titanium-Platelet Rich Fibrin (T-PRF) and Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) in Bone Defect Healing: A Micro-CT and Histopathological Study in Rabbit Models

Abstract

This study aims to compare the efficacy of locally applied Titanium-Platelet Rich Fibrin (T-PRF) and Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) in bone defect healing using micro-CT analysis and histopathological examinations in rabbit models. Eight healthy male New Zealand rabbits, aged 4–6 months, were utilized. Circular bicortical defects (6 mm diameter) were created at three areas in each rabbit. One of the defects was chosen as the control group, which received saline solution, while T-PRF and L-PRF were applied to the defect sites in separate experimental groups. Bone regeneration was analyzed using high-resolution micro-CT and histological evaluation post-sacrifice. Statistical analysis assessed the significance of observed differences. Micro-CT analysis revealed significant differences among the groups in bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, connectivity, and connectivity density (p < 0.05). Both T-PRF and L-PRF groups exhibited superior bone parameters compared to controls, with L-PRF showing higher values. Trabecular separation and bone surface area to bone volume ratio did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05). Histological examination indicated advanced healing stages in the L-PRF group, suggesting both T-PRF and L-PRF contribute to bone regeneration, with L-PRF demonstrating better effects. The study concludes that while both T-PRF and L-PRF aid in bone regeneration, L-PRF shows superior efficacy. L-PRF is recommended for bone defect healing due to its better performance in enhancing bone parameters.