Mean and apparent place computations in the new IAU system. III - Apparent, topocentric, and astrometric places of planets and stars

Abstract

A set of algorithms is presented for computing the apparent directions of planets and stars on any date to milliarcsecond precision. The expressions are consistent with the new IAU astronomical reference system for epoch J2000.0. The algorithms define the transformation between fundamental reference data, such as star and radio-source catalogs and planetary ephemerides, and astrometric observables.