Soroprevalência da hepatite B e avaliação da resposta imunológica à vacinação contra a hepatite B por via intramuscular e intradérmica em profissionais de um laboratório de saúde pública

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs and to evaluate the response of intradermal hepatitis vaccination in healthcare workers non-responsive to previous repeated intramuscular vaccination. Material and method: All of the employees from Instituto Adolfo Lutz were invited to participate on this study. Serum samples were obtained and HBsAg and anti-HBs were detected using commercial kits (Abbott® Laboratories). Employees were submitted to the conventional three-dose vaccination by intramuscular route. To those employees who did not respond to intramuscular vaccination, 5 μg doses of Engerix® B were then administered by intradermal route up to nine doses. Results: Four hundred and four healthcare workers were enrolled in this study. Initially, two (0.5%) and 42 (10.4%) were HBsAg and anti-HBs reagent, respectively. Among the 360 negative volunteers, 316 (87.8%) received three vaccine doses and in 259 of them, serum samples were collected to evaluate vaccine efficacy. Among them, 242 (93.4%) showed antibodies titer higher than 10 UI/l. Intradermal vaccination was carried out in five volunteers and all of them responded to this vaccine administration route. Conclusion: The prevalence of hepatitis B was not higher than in general population. Intradermal vaccine administration could be a good alternative in people that did not respond to previous intramuscular route.