Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (Rs4804803) in the DC-SIGN Promoter Region Cd209, and Implications Regarding the Susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a disease caused by an impaired immune response to oral bacteria and is often found in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Dendritic cells are involved in CP and genetic polymorphisms in the DC-SIGN receptor may modulate susceptibility to the disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the DC-SIGN in individuals with DM2 and CP, non-DM2 individuals with CP and healthy controls and its association with CP in a sample of population. 280 individuals (116 with DM2+CP, 95 with CP and 69 healthy controls) were genotyped using real-time PCR with allele-specific probes. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found among the groups with regard to socio-epidemiological variables, as well as clinical-epidemiological variables. With regard to allelic and genotypic distribution, the GG genotype was significantly more frequent among the healthy individuals compared to those with DM2+CP, suggesting less susceptibility to DM2+CP (p=0.030). The AG genotype was also associated with a lower bleeding index compared to the AA genotype in healthy individuals (p=0.016). This is the first record of an association between a variant in DC-SIGN and susceptibility to DM2 and CP.